Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 diabetes mellitus, previously known as juvenile diabetes, is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. The pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes begins with autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing β cells in the islets of Langerhans, thus leading to insulin deficiency. A crucial role of insulin is to increase glucose uptake into tissues. When insulin is deficient or absent, high blood sugar levels in the body (hyperglycemia) can occur. These have long-term adverse effects. But other metabolic disorders occur as well, including hyperlipidemia and ketonemia (formation of acidic ketone bodies).
After listening to this AudioBrick, you should be able to:
- Define type 1 diabetes mellitus and describe its epidemiology.
- Describe the underlying pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- Describe how type 1 diabetes mellitus presents clinically, and outline common acute and chronic complications.
- Outline the laboratory testing that confirms the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- Briefly describe the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
You can also check out the original brick from our Endocrine collection, which is available for free.
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from our Musculoskeletal, Skin, and Connective Tissue collection, which is available for free.
Learn more about Rx Bricks by signing up for a free USMLE-Rx account: www.usmle-rx.com
You will get 5 days of full access to our Rx360+ program, including nearly 800 Rx Bricks. After the 5-day period, you will still be able to access over 150 free bricks, including the entire collections for General Microbiology and Cellular and Molecular Biology.
